诸葛亮，字孔明，是中国历史上最凸起的政事家、军事家和发明家之一。他出身于公元181年的琅邪阳都（今山东临沂），其父弃世后，诸葛亮移居隆中（今湖北襄阳），启动了隐居生计。

　　Zhuge Liang, styled Kongming, is one of the most outstanding politicians, military strategists, and inventors in Chinese history. He was born in 181 AD in Langya Yangdu (now Linyi, Shandong Province), and after his father's death, Zhuge Liang moved to Longzhong (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province), where he began a reclusive life.

　　三顾茅屋：《隆中对》初露矛头

　　The Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage: The Initial Display of Talent in “The Longzhong Plan“

　　在隆中，诸葛亮猛烈涉猎天文、地舆、兵法等常识，志向弘大。建安十二年（207年），刘备三顾茅屋，终于在隆中见到了诸葛亮。刘备向诸葛亮请问息争天地的大计，诸葛亮提议了驰名的《隆中对》：建议刘备领先夺取荆州和益州，对内改进政事，对外聚拢孙权，待时机熟谙时两路兴师北伐，最终息争宇宙。刘备听后大为吟唱，最终，诸葛亮被刘备的忠诚所感动，决定出山辅佐刘备。

　　In Longzhong, Zhuge Liang extensively studied astronomy, geography, military tactics, and other knowledge, with ambitious aspirations. In the twelfth year of the Jian'an period (207 AD), Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage in Longzhong three times and finally met him. Liu Bei sought advice from Zhuge Liang on how to unify the realm. Zhuge Liang proposed the famous “Longzhong Plan“: he suggested that Liu Bei first seize Jingzhou and Yizhou, reform politics internally, ally with Sun Quan externally, and wait for the right moment to launch a northern expedition from two directions to unify the realm. Liu Bei was impressed by Zhuge Liang's plan. Ultimately, Zhuge Liang was moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and decided to leave his reclusive life to assist Liu Bei.

　　草船借箭：出瞎想策，以智取胜

　　Borrowing Arrows with Straw Boats: Devising Strategies within a Command Tent and Outwitting the Enemy

　　在诸葛亮的辅佐下，刘备大北曹操于赤壁之战。其中，最为东说念主称说念确当属“草船借箭”的故事。建安十三年（208年），曹操指挥雄兵南下，诸葛亮发现曹军军力刚劲，尤其是箭矢足够，于是提议了一条妙计：诳骗曹操的多疑情绪，用草船借箭。他命东说念主准备了几十艘船只，船上装满了稻草东说念主，并用玄色布幔避讳。夜幕来临后，船只驶向曹军水寨。曹军看到黑压压的船队，误觉得是敌军偷袭，纷繁放箭。成果，箭矢一说念射在了稻草东说念主身上。比及天亮时，诸葛亮指点船只复返，带回了数万支箭矢。其后，刘备夺取荆州，攻取益州，诞生了蜀汉政权。诸葛亮被任命为丞相，主抓朝政。

　　Under Zhuge Liang's assistance, Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao in the Battle of Red Cliffs. Among the most renowned stories is that of “Borrowing Arrows with Straw Boats“. In the thirteenth year of the Jian'an period (208 AD), as Cao Cao led a large army southward, Zhuge Liang, noticing the abundance of arrows in Cao's forces, devised an ingenious plan to exploit Cao Cao's suspicious nature. He ordered the preparation of dozens of boats filled with straw dummies and covered them with black cloth. As night fell, the boats approached Cao's naval camp. Mistaking the dark fleet for a sneak attack, Cao's army fired arrows at them. In the end, the arrows were all stuck in the straw dummies. When dawn broke, Zhuge Liang directed the boats to return, bringing back tens of thousands of arrows. Subsequently, Liu Bei occupied Jingzhou, captured Yizhou, and established the Shu Han regime. Zhuge Liang was appointed as the Prime Minister, overseeing the administration.

　　发明奇才：木牛流马，连弩立异

　　Inventive Genius: The Wooden Ox and Gliding Horse, and the Innovation of the Crossbow

　　除了在政事和军事上的超卓弘扬，诸葛亮依然一位凸起的发明家和科技天才。他立异了“连弩”，这种兵器不错同期辐射10支箭；他发明了孔明灯，这是一种诳骗热空气高涨旨趣制作的灯笼，不错用于夜间传递信号或照明；他还发明了“木牛”和“流马”，这两种器用在平地运载中解析了进击作用，灵验地惩处了粮草运载的问题。 这些发明极地面升迁了戎行的战役力，也在很猛进度上促进了其时社会坐褥力的发展。

　　In addition to his extraordinary political and military achievements, Zhuge Liang was also a brilliant inventor and technological genius. He innovated the “repeating crossbow“, a weapon capable of firing 10 arrows at once; he invented the Kongming lantern, a lantern made using the principle of hot air rising, which could be used for night signaling or illumination; he also invented the “wooden ox“ and “gliding horse“, two tools that played a significant role in mountain transportation, effectively solving the problem of transporting provisions. These inventions greatly enhanced the military's combat effectiveness and also significantly promoted the development of the social productive forces at that time.

　　千年后的今天，东说念主们放飞孔明灯，交付心愿、祈求祥瑞，诸葛亮的超卓贤慧以一种宁静良善的面目追随着后东说念主。

　　A thousand years later, people release Kongming lanterns to express their wishes and pray for peace. Zhuge Liang's outstanding wisdom continues to accompany future generations in a tranquil and peaceful manner.

　　无尽责任室出品

　　视频：周溪琳

　　案牍、配音：武玮佳甲级职业联赛竞猜